The current phase of the political process which started in 2011 2012 opened a new page of the said development. This change calls for working out a new development strategy, impossible without clearing up value priorities of the power never analyzed during the whole post-Soviet period. One of the most important tasks while working out this value matrix would be taking account of those value priorities that have become established in society in the post-Soviet years. Figuring in the article are the data of the author’s new investigation carried out from January to February and from March to August, 2013. Altogether about 2050 questionnaires have been collected. The investigation demonstrated that the break-up of the previous (Soviet) model and the transformation of Russia’s society in the post-Soviet period mostly affected the spiritual, the moral and the psychological spheres. Previous value systems have been destroyed, whereas new democratic ones still find themselves within the stage of formation. Having left in the Soviet past societal monolithic disposition, Russia’ society has come to plurality of political, religious, cultural values. Attempts to unify this heterogeneous society run against the pluralism values assimilated by the citizens. The presence of plurality of values promotes growth of the role of political parties; they could organically consolidate society in accordance with group interests. As for the aims and values of inward political development it should be quite definitely stated that democratic values have become firmly established in the Russian society. Repudiation of them would not be accepted by the majority of citizens. At the same time our society is tired of chaos, of lack of regulation within the power, and expects from the state more consistency in securing order and justice.