New Phase of Decolonization: From Formal Sovereignity to Real One

New Phase of Decolonization:
From Formal Sovereignity to Real One


Entin M.L.,

Head of Department of European Law, MGIMO University, Moscow; Research Professor, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, entinmark@gmail.com


elibrary_id: 540593 | ORCID: 0000-0001-9562-8340 | RESEARCHER_ID: DVS-0499-2022

Entina E.G.,

Associate Professor, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow; Senior Researcher, Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, e.entina@hse.ru


elibrary_id: 802154 | ORCID: 0000-0003-4198-4870 | RESEARCHER_ID: M-6192-2015

Torkunova E.A.,

Associate Professor, MGIMO University, etorkunova@hotmail.com


elibrary_id: 453284 |


DOI: 10.17976/jpps/2019.01.09
Rubric: Orbis Terrarum

For citation:

Entin M.L., Entina E.G., Torkunova E.A. New Phase of Decolonization: From Formal Sovereignity to Real One. – Polis. Political Studies. 2019. No. 1. https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2019.01.09



Abstract

After the collapse of the bipolar world order, politicians and experts almost everywhere faced the requirement of making corrections in the political concepts and narratives of decolonization as a dominant global development trend. Not a long time before, the United States proclaimed the process of decolonization completed and referred to it as a past era supplanted by imperatives of modernization, Europeanization, westernization, globalization, etc. In reality, however, only two of its phases – attainment of formal political independence and gaining sovereignty over natural resources – have been completed. The process entered the third phase of actual decolonization when China and a large group of rapidly developing economies had turned into the world’s manufacturing and assembly factories. Russia’s reemerging as one of the leading global players bolsters up and further spurs the process of decolonization. The balance of forces on the world stage goes through tectonic shifts and gives additional chances for final success of decolonization. What is expected to come up is the next, and final, phase of practical decolonization. Its purpose is to acquire technological and financial independence as well as the ability to parry military force or threat of the use of force whatever its origin. There exist objective and subjective factors that get in the way of decolonization. These include political destabilization and pressure, redirection of financial flows, sanctions, wars, etc. They will not have a critical impact, however, if all constructive forces around the world pool their efforts towards cooperation. With such an understanding of dominant and latent trends, ongoing worldwide transformations look no longer like unpredictable and dramatic chaotization of international relations but are being taken for what they actually are: the struggle for practical decolonization of the parts of the planet that used to be dependent territories. 

Keywords
formal decolonization, actual decolonization, comprehensive independence, international law, Russia, China, USA, EU.

 Full Text 
References

After Independence. Making and Protecting the Nation in Postcolonial and Postcommunist States. 2006. Ed. by L.W. Barrington. Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.126246

Baltic Postcolonialism. 2006. Ed. by V. Kelertas. Amsterdam; New York.

Bhaumik T.K. 2009. Old China’s New Economy: The Conquest by a Billion Paupers. SAGE Publications Ltd. 294 p. https://doi.org/10.4135/9788132100904

Chrisman L. 2003. Postcolonial Contraventions. Cultural Readings of Race, Imperialism and Transnationalism. Manchester; New York, NY: Rodopi. https://doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719058271.001.0001

Durix J.-P. 1998. Mimesis, Genres, and Post-colonial Discourse. Deconstructing Magic Realism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230377165

Entin M.L., Entina E.G. 2016. The New Role of Russia in the Greater Eurasia. – Strategic Analysis. Vol. 40. No. 6. P. 590-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161.2016.1224060

Gibbs D.N. 2006. The Political Economy of Third World Intervention: Mines, Money, and U.S. Policy in the Congo Crisis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1991. 65 p.

Global Terrorism Index 2016. Measuring and Understanding the Impact of Terrorism. 2017. Institute for Economics & Peace. 108 р.

Gueven F. 2015. Decolonizing Democracy. Intersections of Philosophy and Postcolonial Theory. Lanham: Lexington Books.

Hitchcock P. 2010. The Long Space: Transnationalism and Postcolonial Form. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Univ. Press.

Hoogvelt A. 2001. Globalization and the Postcolonial World: The New Political Economy of Development. Basingstoke: Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06331-1

Ivison D. 2002. Postcolonial Liberalism. Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge University Press Kapoor I. 2008.The Postcolonial Politics of Development. Milton Park; New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203946145

Moore-Gilbert B. 1997. Postcolonial Theory. Contexts, Practices, Politics. London: Verso.

 

 

Afrika: strany sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii v revolyutsionnom protsesse [Africa: Socialist Countries in the Revolutionary Process]. 1984. Moscow: Nauka. 272 p. (In Russ.)

Aleksandrov Yu. 1985. Politicheskie sistemy v stranakh sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii [Political Systems in Countries of Socialist Orientation]. – Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo [Soviet State and Law]. No. 8. P. 144-147. (In Russ.)

Analysis of Global Trends in State Support of Agriculture. 2015. Department of Agro-Industrial Policy of the Eurasian Economic Commission. 125 p. (In Russ.)

Baykov A.A., Dymova L.A. 2017. Brexit and the Stability of the European Regional Structure. – Sovremennaya Evropa. No. 3 (75). P. 37-46. (In Russ.) URL: http://www.sov-europe.ru/2017/03-2017.pdf (accessed 12.06.2018).

Bordachev T.V. 2017. Shame on Them, Shame on Us. – Russia in Global Politics. (In Russ.) URL: http://www.globalaffairs.ru/global-processes/Im-styd-nam-pozor-18872 (accessed 12.06.2018).

Brutents K.N. 1982. Sotsialisticheskaya orientatsiya osvobodivshikhsya stran: nekotorye voprosy teorii i praktiki [Socialist Orientation of the Liberated Countries: Some Questions of Theory and Practice]. Moscow: Mysl’. 310 p. (In Russ.)

Chirkin V.E. 1984. Revolyutsionno-demokraticheskoe gosudarstvo sovremennosti [Revolutionary and Democratic State of Modernity]. Moscow: Nauka. 297 p. (In Russ.)

Noveishaya istoriya stran Azii i Afriki, XX vek [Contemporary History of Countries of Asia and Africa, the 12th Century]. 2001. Moscow: VLADOS Publishers. 368 p. (In Russ.)

Danilov D.A. 2017. “Neformal’nyi sammit NATO”: pereraspredelenie bremeni i otvetstvennosti [“Informal Summit of NATO”: Redistribution of Burden and Responsibility]. Moscow: Institute of Europe of the Russian

Academy of Sciences. No. 16. (89). (In Russ.) URL: http://www.instituteofeurope.ru/images/uploads/analitika/an89.pdf (accessed 12.06.2018).

Gosudarstvo sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii [State of Socialist Orientation]. 1975. Moscow: Nauka. 376 p. (In Russ.)

Gura V.K., Nesuk N.D. 1981. Problemy i puti razvitiya osvobodivshikhsya stran Afriki [Problems and Ways of Development of the Liberated Countries of Africa]. Kiev: Naukova dumka. 192 p. (In Russ.)

Ivanov A.A. 1984. Sotsialisticheskii vybor v Afrike i ideologicheskaya bor’ba [Socialist Choice in Africa and Ideological Struggle]. Moscow: International relations. 232 p. (In Russ.)

Khudolei K.K., Eremina N.V. 2017. Brexit: the new “old” choice of Great Britain. – Sovremennaya Evropa. No. 3 (75). P. 28-36. (In Russ.) URL: http://www.sov-europe.ru/2017/03-2017.pdf (accessed 12/06/2018)

Kim G.F. 1982. Ot natsional’nogo osvobozhdeniya k sotsial’nomu: sotsial’no-politicheskie aspekty sovremennykh natsional’no-osvoboditel’nykh revolyutsii [From National Liberation to Social: Socio-Political Aspects of Modern National Liberation Revolutions]. Moscow: Nauka. 294 p. (In Russ.)

Kiva A.V. 1978. Strany sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii: Osnovnye tendentsii [Countries of Socialist Orientation: the Main Development Trends]. Moscow: Nauka. 287 p. (In Russ.)

Kreder A.A. 2005. Noveishaya istoriya zarubezhnykh stran. 1914-1997 [Contemporary History of Foreign Countries. 1914-1997]. Moscow: TsGO. 432 p. (In Russ.)

Luk’yanov F.A. 2017. Cold War Against All. – Russia in Global Politics. (In Russ.) URL: http://www.globalaffairs.ru/redcol/Kholodnaya-voina-protiv-vsekh-18874 (accessed 12.06.2018).

Mezhdunarodno-pravovaya zashchita traditsionnykh tsennostei: Materialy kruglykh stolov 16 aprelya i 9 noyabrya 2016 g. v ramkakh XIV Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa “Blishchenkovskie chteniya”. Ed. by A.Kh. Abashidze, N.S. Semenova. E.V. Kiseleva [International Legal Protection of Traditional Values: Materials of Round Tables on 16 April and 9 November 2016 in the Framework of the 24th International Congress “Blishenko Readings”]. 2017. Moscow: Pokrov PRO. 190 p. (In Russ.)

Mikheev V., Lukonin S., Ignatiev S. 2017. China: the Congress Factor and the Trump Factor. – The World Economy and International Relations. Vol. 61. No. 6. P. 23-32. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2017-61-6-23-32

Nepomnin O.E. 1998. Zhivaya istoriya Vostoka [The Living History of the East]. Moscow: Znanie. 368 p. (In Russ.)

Porfir’ev B. 2013. “Zelenaya” ekonomika: realii, perspektivy i predely rosta [“Green” Economy: Realities, Prospects and Limits of Growth]. Moscow: Carnegie Moscow Center 33 p. (In Russ.) URL: http://carnegieendowment.org/files/WP_Porfiriev_web.pdf (accessed 12.06.2018).

Pravo v stranakh sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii [Law in the Countries of Socialist Orientation]. 1979. Moscow: Nauka. 348 p. (In Russ.)

Starushenko G.B. 1976. Afrika: problemy sotsialisticheskoi orientatsii [Africa: Problems of Socialist Orientation]. Moscow: Institute for African Studies. 476 p. (In Russ.)

Starushenko G.B. 1977. Sotsialisticheskaya orientatsiya v razvivayushchikhsya stranakh [Socialist Orientation in Developing Countries]. Moscow: Politizdat. 192 p. (In Russ.)

Tkachenko I.V. 2006. Vseobshchaya istoriya v voprosakh i otvetakh [World History in Questions and Answers]. Moscow: Velbi, Prospekt. 224 p. (In Russ.)

Ul’yanovskii R.A. 1979. Ocherki natsional’no-osvoboditel’noi bor’by. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Essays of the National Liberation Struggle. Theory and Practice]. – Soviet State and Law. No. 11. P. 146-147. (In Russ.)

Vasil’ev L.S. 2001. Istoriya Vostoka. V 2 tomakh [The History оf the East. In 2 vol]. Moscow: Higher school. 512 p. (In Russ.)

Vostochnyi mir: opyty obshchestvennoi transformatsii [The Eastern World: the Experiences of Social Transformation]. 2001. Moscow: Muravei. 361 p. (In Russ.) 

Content No. 1, 2019

See also:


Rutland P.,
Russia and China: Saga of Two Transitions to Market Economy. – Polis. Political Studies. 2009. No3

Pastukhov V.B.,
The demon of law. Russian law as escaping reality. – Polis. Political Studies. 2011. No2

Lukin A.V.,
Russia and China in Greater Eurasia. – Polis. Political Studies. 2020. No5

Alimdzhanov A.A.,
The notion of “independence” in the official speeches of Central Asia presidents. – Polis. Political Studies. 2023. No3

Troitskaya O.V.,
Right of Nations to Self-Determination: Evolution of Concept and Practices. – Polis. Political Studies. 2015. No6

Journal

    

 
 

   

Introducing an article



Polis. Political Studies
6 2023


Tulchinskii G.L.
The meaning of power and the power of meaning: pragmasemantics of the relationship between political power and meaning making

 The article text
 

Archive

   2024      2023      2022      2021   
   2020      2019      2018      2017      2016   
   2015      2014      2013      2012      2011   
   2010      2009      2008      2007      2006   
   2005      2004      2003      2002      2001   
   2000      1999      1998      1997      1996   
   1995      1994      1993      1992      1991