The article covers theoretical aspects of the discussion developing around the conception of corporate citizenship, in particular questions of measuring economic efficiency of socially responsible practices. American, European and Japanese approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR) are analyzed, their dependency on the politico-cultural and institutional context of a company’s activity retraced. Special attention is given to estimating the prospects for the formation of a Russian model of corporate citizenship. The main factor stimulating Russian business’ resort to CSR practices is the need to observe the “rules of the game” that have become established at the world market, as the author demonstrates. The mastering of such resource as social capital, by Russian business, is only passing its initial stage. Therefore, according to her conclusion, establishment of a corporate citizenship model in our country depends first of all on elaboration and realization of such a national development project which would integrate the strategies of socially responsible business and of developed civil society.