In his article the authors turns to extremely important theoretical questions of the UN operations for the maintenance of peace, which remain the most flexible and efficient instrument of the solution of the broadest set of tasks in the sphere of guaranteeing the international peace and security. The United Nations’ peacemaking, which past year marked its sixtieth anniversary, has accumulated valueless theoretical and practical experience. At the same time new challenges raise the task of its further perfection. Analysis of all these aspects is offered for the reader.