The paper analyses a set of theoretical issues of the state-of-arts in the modern theory of social government. Basing on the screening of some fundamental works on urbanization and globalization as well as on the author’s experience in the field of risk analysis and environmental sociology, the shortlist of the most often used terms in this research field has been built. The author came to conclusion that the subject matter in this research area is very complex, multilevel, multidisciplinary, and therefore a model of research field cannot be restricted by the analysis of an act of ‘decision-making’ as such. Government and domination, the role of social movements, ‘we-they’ dichotomy, ruling under conditions of globalization, hybrid taming, government and self-regulation under crisis and critical conditions, are the main topics under consideration. In sum, any ‘decision-making’ is a complex a global-inclusive process of a probable character, with many twists, ups and downs, with a feedback burdened by unintended consequences and unforeseen results. This process may be qualified as ‘learning by permanent reflection and social activity, i.e. self-regulation. The paper also studies the time characteristics of the above process of governance, the role of environment in this process, specifics of the process of self-regulation in a globalized world. The author concludes that nowadays the concept of “government” is increasingly often replaced by the term “regulation process”, which implies the presence of forward and backward links between the agent and the object of control (in the form of dialogue, negotiations, temporary commissions, expert groups). The process of “decision-making” is understood as a discursive process. Feedback system becomes a term and, at the same time, a real link between the agent and the subject of management, and the environment in which this adjustment takes place. Management increasingly drifts towards regulation as a result of interactions of competition and cooperation, bargaining and negotiations, action in the wake of already existing agreements and continuous generation of new ideas and connections.